Anchoring means



.Fume R5, w37. w. NOBLE 2,083,733

ANCHORING MEANS Filed Feb. 2a, 1954 AVO 5%@ www,

Patentes June.. 15, [1937 gears Warren Noble, Michigan mty, assigner, by

mesne assignments,

to Safety Mining Com- Dany, Chicago, lll., a corporation of Illinois Application February 2li, i934, Serial No. 313,338 comme. (ci. 1oz-r1) been attained, or at the willof thel operator;v and v Ythe invention relates more particularly to'safety devices for anchoring such shellsvor cartridges yin. the material to be broken down, to prevent their being violently ejected from the face, and

" y yproviding a seal for the hole.'

As is well known, there are a. number of varieties of shells or cartridges used in the breaking down of coal and which are adapted to be lodged' in holes bored into the material vto be broken down and, after the generation in, or

. introduction of pressure to, said cartridges, to

release their charges and thereby break down the material. Many such 'cartridges release the -pressure contained within them either at or near the inner end of the hole in which they are lodged in the material 'to be broken;l and the breaking medium under high pressure therefore tends to act'upon the air-cartridge or shell as 4 does the burning powder in the barrel of a gun upon the bullet, the position of the yshell being comparable to that of a bullet near. the breech of a gun, and the released charge of pressure medium tending to force the shell outwardly, and, after displacing the tamping, violently to eject the shell from the hole, with the possibility oi serious injury to any one nearby.

A. very satisfactory form of shell is loaded into the hole empty, and a high pressure is then produced therein, as by storage therein of a substantial quantity of gas at high pressure by means of a pump located near the working face. It is e one of the objects of the present invention to provide a safe and highly effective anchoring means for such a shell. In the anchoring of a .shell of this character, it is desirable not to rely upon a single anchoring element. It is desirable, Vmoreover, to be able to provide, in the event of taper in the holedrilled, for anchoring devices r which will act upon walls of different diameter andstill hold the shell in position. It isalso derable, and I have provided means whereby it is possible to cause the charging of the cartridge to render the anchoring means effective, where- =by the cartridge may loe-placed in the hole without d ifculty andthenautomatically anchored. lt is further desirable that the anchoring prior. to the release of the blasting charge means f5; readily adjustable. so as to permit the application of the anchoring force at diiierent positions in the material, at the option of the miner who is doing the shooting.

Another ohiect is to provide an improved automatic seal for the drill hole for preventing leakage of blasting pressure the cartridge through the hole.

It is another object of my invention to provide an improved anchoring means which shall accomplish the several beneficial results just enumerated, so that maximum. of adaptability, convenience and effectiveness may he attained. Other objects and advantages of the invention `ivill hereinafter more fully In theaccdmpanying drawing, in which one form ofthe invention is shown-for purposes of illustration.

Fig. l is a side elevational view of a blasting cartridge provided with an anchoring means constructed in accordance withv the illustrative embodiment of the invention 4 Fig. 2 is a longitudinal Vsection through the anchoring means proper, the fluid supply means at.. one end of the cartridge, the section being on two angularly related, radial planes.

Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, T, El, and 9 are transverse seci tions through dierent parts of the anchoring means all ci these sections being taken on planes corresponding to the several .lines sms, -w-d, 5 5, etc. of Fig.

Fig. lil is e. detail on e somewhat enlar scale, showing the inlet valve construction..

Referring to the drawing, it will be noted that the shell member E, which. may be of any suit,- able construction and provided with any desired and suitable releasing means-for example, a charge releasing of the character shown in my copending application Serial No. 753,337, which l am executing of even date herewith., is mounted in a drilled. hole 2 in the mate-rial to be broken down, The shell. i comprises a cas'- ing member d having a lwge, internal charge receiving chamber and adapted, in the present case, upon the attainment ci a predetermined desired maximum. .internal pressure, to release its charge through an annular passage E. One mechanism whereby this release can be effected as specified, is disclosed in my copending applica'- tion mentioned At its rear or outer end, the shell l is provided with a, reduced externally threadedfportionl to which there is threadedly ing-collar it having holes Si for the reception of a lever `(not shown.) by means of which a tight clamping action. may he eirected. By means of aged I connected a clampithread the member tl there is clamped to the shell a.

combined self-tamplng and air supply mechanism, allv of which is generally designated lil. Theseltamping device comprises a tamping or hole gripping n'ieansproper and actuating means for the latter. Herein, it will be observed that a hollow member it having an external shoulder i3 is adapted to be clamped, by means of its shoulder i3, in position to the end of the shell i. The member l2 comprises a bore of two diameters, the larger bore, id, lying herein wholly within the outer end oi' the shell casing, and the smaller bore, i5, extending outwardly from the 'bore it to the rear end ci the member i3. .The member i2 is provided with an external buttress it', herein extending substantially throughout the entire length of the portion thereof which extends outi-v'ardiy from the clamping collar il. Within the bore i5 is mounted, for longitudinal sliding movement, a member i 3 pro- `viding a uid supply passage i9 opening at 20 intothe chamber ii'within the shell, ythere be ing a suitable packing provided at 2i to 'prevent leakage of fluid from within the shell into the space within the bore ill. The member i0 is provided with an enlarged collar or piston portion 22 slidable within the bore itl; and rubber or other suitable packing rings 23 .and 24 are arranged to preclude leakage inwardly past the .collar v22 and outwardly along the member i8; and a small port Ni communicating with the passage i9 and having a small end-seating control valve 26 having a. longitudinal pressure .transmitting groove 21, is arranged to admit pressure` from the passage i3 into the space between the `packings 23 and 23. A small elastic ring 28 surrounds the member i3 and passes over the outer end of the valve 25 and normally maintains the same seated.

Upon the buttress-threaded exterior of the member i2 there are arranged any desired numbei" oi self-temping devices which are adapted to be rendered effective b yymovement of the member I8 upon admission ci fluid through the passage 25 to act upon the packing 24 and collar 22 to effect longitudinal movement of the member I0. Each of the self-tamping devices includes a ring-expanding member 30 (the several members distinguished by different alphabetical exponents) having a conical surface 3i .which tapers in the direction of shell re-action. lCooperating with each oi the conical surfaces 3|,is

a friction anchoring and hole sealing. ring 32 of rubber or other suitable material having a high 'coefficient of friction and capable of expansion 30 threadedly engage the butti-ess thread I6 and yare adapted to be positioned at any desired point along the latter. Each of the members 30 is traversed by a 'plurality of holes parallel to its axis, for purpose which will. shortly be described. oiv the selfL--tamping devices also includes a pressure ring having a central opening 36 therethrough, oi suitable size to permit sliding 'upon the outside ci the threaded member i2, and these rings also have holes through them as later described. ilxpcnents are used for clarity with respect to a number the parts and holes.

The means for forcing the rings 32 up their cooperating cones and into frictional engagement with the bore of the hole, will now be described. For the purpose oi distinguishing, in the followpressed" by the ing description, between the component elements of the different sets of self-tamping devices,I the component parts of vthe device nearest the shell body will be called 30, 32, and 35.; those in the `next self-tamping devic'ewill bedesignated 30h,

32, and 35, and those of the device nearest the mouth of the hole will be designated 30, 32, and

35. It will be understood that, depending upon the depth of the hole threaded portions of the member I2, any desired -number of self-ftamping devices may be em-v is provided so' ployed; and appropriate means that these severalldevices may be each cause'd to effect its gripping function through direct application of force thereto independently of elements of the other.l For the. purpose' of accomplishing this highly important function, a com.-

and theflngth of the,-

mon actuating element is provided, in the form of a member 40 threadedl'y engaged at 4| withthe outer end of the member I8. The air supply line' 42, leading from a suitable [pump or compressor,

may here be noted to enter a chamber 43jform'ed in the end of the member I8, and to beprovided with a suitable self-sealing and locking glandular connection 44 therewith. The member 40` .'i's

25 adapted,` upon longitudinal movementtowa'rd the.'

shell by reason of the action of air upon'the piston 22, to impart pressure independently to `each of the three ring members 35, 35?,"and 35 through rod elements individual to' theseveralring members mentioned. A l

fourth cone member, inthe construction shown, isyprovided at 30 I for the purpose ofv retaining the ring 35l in posi; tion. The member 30d, shown in section in Fig. 3, will be observed, as hereinillustrated, to be traversed by nine holes, constituting three sets of three each, the 4holes ranged from each other and the three sets being equally spaced. The holes in this member` are numbered 45B, 46s,. m, as, as, t1, and 45C," 46, 41. The member 35, shown in Fig.- '1 andl 'A the member 30. shown in Fig. 4. Aare traversedl by six 4holes each, .so disposed in alinement with six of the' nine holesl in member 30d. The holes `in the'member 35 are bered 51252, 53, ber 35, shown in holes in alinement members 30 and 35, and designated ,548, 55,

holes in the member The rst three holesare designated 51,5., 58, 59, and the second series, 51, 58, 59. The Imember 35 (Fig. 9) `is traversed by three holes,lin alinementwith the la'st three holes mentioned, 'in 'element 30h, and designated 60, 6I", 62; and member 30 (seeFig. 6) is traversed by` three'holes,

arranged that they may be member 30 are numy and 5|, 52, 53.'` The mem-1 Fig. 8, is traversed by three with three of the holes in f in each set being ar' l in alinement with the holes 'in member 35', and

designated 03, Sida-65.' With the several, series of holes mentioned, different sets of pusher rods',

and guidesv cooperate. Thus, `three relatively short pusher rods, all ofequal'length and numbered, severally, at 66, 61, 68, extend respectively through the guide holesl 45, 46,.41 in the member 30, andQengage, with their endsl towardfthe shell, theend surface of the member 35; and 'are adapted, when their other ends are member` 32 along the/conical vsurface of the member 40, to thrust the mem-y ber 35 longitudinally and thereby press the aoeavss therefor. In the event that there is any tendency tight engagement with the wall #of the hole. Longer rods 10b, 1l", 12 extendfrom a point adjacent the pressure member l through the holesA 45h, 46, 41h in the member 30-, through the holes ABD, 49, 50", in the' memb'er 35, and through the holes 52, 531 in the member 30, and engage the end surface of the member 36,

and are adapted to act upon the latter to force the ring 32balong theconical Asurface 3l'J and Acauseirictional gripping of the wall of the hole. A series of 'stili longer rods, 14, 15, 16, extend from a' point adjacent the pressure applying member .40, through all of the holes bearing designations terminating in a in the members Sila,v 35, 30, 35h, and Sib, and are. adapted to engage the 'end yof the member 35 to force the ring 32.a1ong the cone 30S and to expand the ring thereby into frictional engagement with the wall of the hole.

Positioning rodsle, is", 80 traverse the holes having the letter e as'an exponent in their reference characters, in the members Sil, 35 and 38. y

It will be noted that any change in adjustment of any of the cones relative, to each other is prevented by the rods passing through the several series of holes mentioned. It will further be noted that the pressure which is applied to each. of the pressure plates or rings is transmitted directly thereto, and not through one of the other rings. It will further be noted that by adjusting the rod lengths in the diierent series, it is possible to effect any desired positioningof the seit-tamping anchor devices, and that by varying theinitial positions of the cone members 30B, tab

or 36 relative to the pressure applying members,

different overall dimensions lof the rings when in fully expanded position maybe obtained.

From the foregoing description, the mode oi operation of the improved self-tamping anchoringf devices will be clearly apparent. Upon the supply offluid through the line 42 to the interior of the shell, pressure will be gradually built up within the interior of the shell, andwhen a sufcient pressure, herein substantially below the blasting pressure, has built up to unseat the conical-portion of the valve26 from its seat, a small quantity of pressure fluid will ow through the groove 21 into the space between the rings 23 and 24 and, acting through the piston collar 22, will lmove the member I8 longitudinally and cause the member to apply pressure to the several vseries of rods described.- The rods will, in their turn, apply pressure to the followers or pressure plates 35.8, 3.512,35", and these will force their sev- 'eral rings 32, 321 and 32 upwardly along the conical surfaces Bla, 3l and3l, and eect a very positive locking o'r anchoring oi the cartridge in place. Any tendency of the shell to be blown out of the hole will cause the rings 32, 32, and 32 to tend to roll further up their respective conical elements, and will increase the locking force. Obviously, rings can be multiplied by lncreasing the number of holes. lor example, by inserting three more series of holes in the spaces between the several series illustrated, twice as l many self-tamping devices could be provided. It

will be'noted that the present varrangement is attachable to or detachable from the shell as a whole; that 'the anchoring capacity is literally l tremendous, and that it may be increased or di-v minished, as may be necessary, depending upon the nature of the material, merely by adding or removing tamping units with the actuating rods 22; and it desired, suitable provision can be made for permitting release oi pressure from the space beyond the valve 28 when it is desired to collapse the anchoring device. As pointed out above, adjustment oi the cone elements 3B permits the adapting of the anchoring or tamping devices to tapered or rippled holes; and, as also pointed out above, ir the material in which the hole is drilled is relatively soft, the number ci anchors can be increased at will.

While I have in this application speciiically described one form which my invention assume in practice, itV will be understood that the invention may bermodiied and embodied in va rious other forms Ywithout departing "'irom Vits spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isz-- 1.- An anchoring device comprising a cone, an expansible anchor ring, and including a iiuid actuated piston for forcing said ring towards the base ci' said. cone while the latter remains relatively Vstationary to expand the ring into anchoring position.

2. An anchoring device comprising a cone, an expansible anchor ring, and means for forcing said ring towards the base ci? said. cone while the latter remains relatively stationary including a pressure plate and pneumatic thrusting means therefor.

3. An anchoring device inseltibie in a Y, isole comprising expansible anchoring and he sealing means adapted to grip completely about the bore hole walls, and means embodied in said device and operated by pressure fluid for expand r; said anchoring means and for hciding the iatter expanded.

. 4. An anchoring device insertible in a bore hole comprising expanslble anchoring means adapted to grip completely about the bore hole ,walls and wedge means embodied in said device endoperatecl by pressure fluid for expanding said anchorlngmeans and for holding the latter expanded.

5 A blasting cartridge adapted for insertion in a blast hole and having associated. therewith an anchoring and hole sealing device having means for gripping completely about the bore 'hole walls to seal the hole, and means operable hole at the outer end of the cartridge comprising a sealing unit, and pressure duid operated means for-effecting sealing operation thereof comprising means supplied Vwith pressure :duid from the supply line to said cartridge.

8. An anchoring device comprising a tubular member, an anchoring element mounted thereon, a member movable relative to said tubular mem- -ber for moving saidanchoring element into anchoring position, and an element movable axlally within said tubular member for movingr seid moving member.

9. An anchoringvdevice comprising atubular member, an anchoring element mounted thereon, a member moveable relative tosaid tubulgr member for movingf'said anchoring element into am.-

chormg position. and dir' element movable axily f within; said tubular member for moving said movin'g member includingfa pressure uid act'iladsedy A pisigon rsecured` to said axially moi/shale` element. 

